High Cholesterol - Symptoms and Causes

Cholesterol is a type of fat that is naturally produced in the liver and is also present in some foods. It plays a vital role in the formation of cell membranes and the production of hormones, vitamin D, and bile acids, which are essential for digestion. However, high levels of cholesterol in the blood can increase the risk of heart disease and stroke.


What is High Cholesterol?

High cholesterol, also known as hypercholesterolemia, is a condition in which there is an excessive amount of cholesterol in the blood. Cholesterol is carried through the bloodstream by lipoproteins, which are made up of fat and protein. There are two types of lipoproteins: low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL).

LDL is often referred to as "bad" cholesterol because it can build up on the walls of arteries, forming plaques that can narrow the arteries and increase the risk of heart disease and stroke. HDL is often referred to as "good" cholesterol because it helps to remove LDL from the bloodstream and transport it to the liver for disposal.

What Causes High Cholesterol?

There are several factors that can contribute to high cholesterol levels, including:

1.      Poor Diet: Eating a diet that is high in saturated and trans fats can increase LDL cholesterol levels.

2.      Lack of Exercise: Physical inactivity can lower HDL cholesterol levels.

3.      Genetics: High cholesterol can run in families due to inherited genetic factors.

4.      Obesity: Being overweight or obese can increase LDL cholesterol levels and decrease HDL cholesterol levels.

5.      Age and Gender: Cholesterol levels tend to increase with age, and men are more likely to have high cholesterol levels than women.

6.      Medical Conditions: Certain medical conditions, such as diabetes, hypothyroidism, and kidney disease, can increase cholesterol levels.

7.      Medications: Some medications, such as corticosteroids and some types of birth control pills, can increase cholesterol levels.

Symptoms of High Cholesterol

High cholesterol does not usually cause any symptoms, which is why it is often referred to as a "silent" condition. The only way to know if you have high cholesterol is to have a blood test called a lipid profile.

Treatment and Prevention of High Cholesterol

The goal of treatment for cholesterol in urdu is to reduce LDL cholesterol levels and increase HDL cholesterol levels to reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke. Lifestyle changes and medications may be used to achieve this goal.

Lifestyle Changes

1.      Diet: A healthy diet that is low in saturated and trans fats can help to lower LDL cholesterol levels. This includes eating plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins.

2.      Exercise: Regular physical activity can increase HDL cholesterol levels and improve overall cardiovascular health.

3.      Weight Loss: Losing weight can help to lower LDL cholesterol levels and increase HDL cholesterol levels.

4.      Quitting Smoking: Smoking can lower HDL cholesterol levels and increase the risk of heart disease and stroke.

Medications

1.      Statins: Statins are a type of medication that can lower LDL cholesterol levels by blocking the enzyme that the liver uses to make cholesterol.

2.      Bile Acid Sequestrants: These medications can lower LDL cholesterol levels by binding to bile acids in the digestive system, which prevents them from being reabsorbed by the body.

3.      Ezetimibe: This medication can lower LDL cholesterol levels by blocking the absorption of cholesterol in the digestive system.

4.      PCSK9 Inhibitors: These medications can lower LDL cholesterol levels by blocking a protein that regulates LDL cholesterol levels in the blood.

Conclusion

High cholesterol is a common condition that can increase the risk of heart disease and stroke. It is important to have your cholesterol levels checked regularly cholesterol kam karne ka tarika in urdu.

 

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